Panama-incorporated VPN (NordVPN S.A.) under NL holding Nord Security, LT operations; Deloitte + PwC no-logs audits, RAM-only diskless servers, ISO 27001.
- FROM
- €4/mo
- CLOUD ACT
- MINOR
Mozilla-branded VPN (powered by Mullvad infrastructure). Mozilla Corp is US-incorporated.
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Ordered by feature parity and migration friction, which is weighted higher than feature breadth.
Panama-incorporated VPN (NordVPN S.A.) under NL holding Nord Security, LT operations; Deloitte + PwC no-logs audits, RAM-only diskless servers, ISO 27001.
CERN-founded Swiss VPN (Proton AG, Geneva), owned by non-profit Proton Foundation; 15,000+ servers, audited no-logs, open-source apps, free tier.
NL-incorporated VPN (Surfshark B.V., Amsterdam, KvK 81967985): moved from BVI to NL Oct 2021, merged with Nord Security 2022, RAM-only, Deloitte-audited.
All 6 alternatives, benchmarked against Mozilla VPN.
Panama-incorporated VPN (NordVPN S.A.) under NL holding Nord Security, LT operations; Deloitte + PwC no-logs audits, RAM-only diskless servers, ISO 27001.
CERN-founded Swiss VPN (Proton AG, Geneva), owned by non-profit Proton Foundation; 15,000+ servers, audited no-logs, open-source apps, free tier.
NL-incorporated VPN (Surfshark B.V., Amsterdam, KvK 81967985): moved from BVI to NL Oct 2021, merged with Nord Security 2022, RAM-only, Deloitte-audited.
Swedish founder-owned VPN (OVPN Integrität AB, est. 2014), fully owns hardware, diskless RAM-only, court-proven no-logs, legal-fees insurance.
Swedish privacy VPN (Stockholm, est. 2012): Blind Operator, RAM-only, audited no-logs; acquired by Malwarebytes (US) 7 Nov 2024.
Romanian-operated VPN (CyberGhost S.R.L., 2011) under Kape Technologies (UK; ex-Crossrider) → Unikmind/Teddy Sagi (IM) since 2023; listed as a warning.
| Product | Hosting | Sovereignty | Cert. | Pricing | Signals | Open |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Mozilla VPN
benchmark · US
|
— |
US-LINKED | SOC 2 no EU framework |
Freemium |
E2E
Public DPA
Sub-processors
Open source
|
|
|
Panama-incorporated VPN (NordVPN S.A.) under NL holding Nord Security, LT operations; Deloitte + PwC no-logs audits, RAM-only diskless servers, ISO 27001.
|
—
Lithuania
|
SOVEREIGNTY
A single roll-up of ownership and CLOUD Act exposure.
|
ISO/IEC 27001
|
Paid
€4 /mo
|
Public DPA
Sub-processors
Open source
|
→ |
|
CERN-founded Swiss VPN (Proton AG, Geneva), owned by non-profit Proton Foundation; 15,000+ servers, audited no-logs, open-source apps, free tier.
|
GENEVA · CH
Switzerland
|
SOVEREIGNTY
A single roll-up of ownership and CLOUD Act exposure.
|
— |
Freemium
€5 /mo
|
Public DPA
Sub-processors
Open source
|
→ |
|
NL-incorporated VPN (Surfshark B.V., Amsterdam, KvK 81967985): moved from BVI to NL Oct 2021, merged with Nord Security 2022, RAM-only, Deloitte-audited.
|
—
Netherlands
|
SOVEREIGNTY
A single roll-up of ownership and CLOUD Act exposure.
|
— |
Paid
€3 /mo
|
Public DPA
Sub-processors
Open source
|
→ |
|
Swedish founder-owned VPN (OVPN Integrität AB, est. 2014), fully owns hardware, diskless RAM-only, court-proven no-logs, legal-fees insurance.
|
—
Sweden
|
SOVEREIGNTY
A single roll-up of ownership and CLOUD Act exposure.
|
— |
Paid
€4 /mo
|
Public DPA
Sub-processors
Open source
|
→ |
|
Swedish privacy VPN (Stockholm, est. 2012): Blind Operator, RAM-only, audited no-logs; acquired by Malwarebytes (US) 7 Nov 2024.
|
—
Sweden
|
SOVEREIGNTY
A single roll-up of ownership and CLOUD Act exposure.
|
— | Paid |
Public DPA
Sub-processors
Open source
|
→ |
|
Romanian-operated VPN (CyberGhost S.R.L., 2011) under Kape Technologies (UK; ex-Crossrider) → Unikmind/Teddy Sagi (IM) since 2023; listed as a warning.
|
BUCHAREST
Romania
|
SOVEREIGNTY
A single roll-up of ownership and CLOUD Act exposure.
|
— |
Paid
€2 /mo
|
Public DPA
Sub-processors
Open source
|
→ |
Beyond compliance: how these alternatives compare on the capabilities you actually use day to day.
| Feature | NordVPN | Proton VPN | Surfshark | OVPN | AzireVPN | CyberGhost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Servers | 20000 servers | 4500 servers | 153 servers | |||
| Countries | 125 countries | 140 countries | 100 countries | 62 countries | 100 countries | |
| Simultaneous devices | 10 devices | 10 devices | Unlimited | 4 devices | 5 devices | 7 devices |
| Protocols | WireGuard OpenVPN IKEv2 | WireGuard OpenVPN IKEv2 | WireGuard OpenVPN IKEv2 | WireGuard OpenVPN | WireGuard | WireGuard OpenVPN IKEv2 |
| Kill switch | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Audited no-logs | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| Port forwarding | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Platforms | iOS macOS Windows Android Linux | iOS macOS Windows Android Linux | iOS macOS Windows Android Linux | iOS macOS Windows Android Linux | iOS macOS Windows Android Linux | iOS macOS Windows Android Linux |
Listed for transparency. Every product on this page is benchmarked against this baseline.
Listed for transparency. Every product on this page is benchmarked against this baseline.
Mozilla-branded VPN (powered by Mullvad infrastructure). Mozilla Corp is US-incorporated.
For every product we read the public DPA, sub-processors document, hosting region declaration, and corporate ownership records. Each is timestamped. Signals are editorial, re-verified quarterly. We never accept self-attestation.
Reviewed by the EU Vetted editorial team · Editorial guidelines