Swiss research-focused online survey tool operated by Fabian Keller since 2009; used by University of Zurich researchers.
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A single roll-up of ownership and CLOUD Act exposure.
German open-source experience-management platform (Formbricks GmbH, Kiel) for link, website and in-product surveys; AGPLv3, self-hostable.
Formbricks, in the Forms & surveys category, offers EU hosting with Germany as its hosting location, but a US parent or sub-processor leaves material CLOUD Act exposure.
German GmbH (Kiel) shipping an AGPLv3 open-source survey/forms platform with a publicly-downloadable DPA (sub-processors in Annex IV) and SOC 2 Type II, but the managed Formbricks Cloud runs on AWS in Germany for database + email at rest, with Stripe/Google Cloud/Sentry/PostHog/Chatwoot alongside it and US VC (OSS Capital) on the cap table, EU-headquartered but US-VC-funded with material CLOUD Act exposure for the managed cloud; self-hosting the AGPLv3 build on EU infrastructure removes the AWS and US sub-processor exposure entirely.
How exposed customer data is to US authorities under the CLOUD Act (Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act).
Where ultimate control over the operating company sits.
Exposure depends on how you run this product.
Vendor-operated: the sub-processors below apply.
How exposed customer data is to US authorities under the CLOUD Act (Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act).
Deploy on your own EU infrastructure and you control hosting and every sub-processor.
How exposed customer data is to US authorities under the CLOUD Act (Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act).
Formbricks is a German open-source experience-management platform operated by Formbricks GmbH (Kuhnkestr. 6, 24118 Kiel), founded in 2022 by Johannes Dancker and Matti Nannt. It positions itself as the open-source Qualtrics alternative and covers link surveys, website and in-product (in-app) surveys, and email-embedded feedback forms, with event-triggered targeting, user segmentation, conditional logic, multi-language surveys, file uploads, webhooks, and SDKs. The full core application is licensed under AGPLv3 on GitHub and is fully self-hostable.
For an EU-sovereignty audit the ownership tier is eu_hq_us_funded: Formbricks is a German GmbH but is backed by OSS Capital (a US open-source-focused VC), Flex Capital, and the GitHub Accelerator, with angels including Tom Preston-Werner (GitHub) and Peer Richelsen (Cal.com). The managed Formbricks Cloud (app.formbricks.com) is hosted in Germany on Amazon Web Services, which handles the database and email at rest. The DPA is publicly downloadable without signup and lists its Annex IV sub-processors: AWS (DE region), PostHog (DE region), Stripe (US), Sentry (DE region), Brevo (FR), Google Cloud (EU), and Chatwoot (US). The company holds SOC 2 Type II and states ISO 27001 is in progress. Per the directory's strict CLOUD Act stance (provider parent jurisdiction matters more than data-centre region), AWS at rest plus the US sub-processors plus US-VC ownership make this material CLOUD Act exposure for the managed cloud. Self-hosting the AGPLv3 build on EU-incorporated infrastructure (Hetzner, OVHcloud, Scaleway) removes the AWS and US sub-processor exposure entirely, making the customer the sole data controller.
Pricing: a free Hobby tier (250 responses/month, 1 workspace); Pro at US$89/month (~€82); Scale at US$390/month. Note "USA hosting" is an opt-in add-on, so the default cloud is Germany. Self-hosting is free under AGPLv3. Best fit: privacy-conscious product teams and EU developers replacing Qualtrics or Qualaroo for in-product surveys, or wanting a GDPR-compliant, self-hostable feedback layer. The self-host path is the procurement-grade option.
Database and email delivery (data storage)
Customer support
Smart functionality (opt-in; does not touch respondent data)
Product analytics (anonymized IP and device information; EU region)
Error tracking and diagnostics
Payment processing
Marketing/communication and admin notifications
| Vendor | Country | Purpose | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|
| AWS | United States | Database and email delivery (data storage) | US |
| Chatwoot | United States | Customer support | US |
| Google Cloud | United States | Smart functionality (opt-in; does not touch respondent data) | US |
| PostHog | United States | Product analytics (anonymized IP and device information; EU region) | US |
| Sentry | United States | Error tracking and diagnostics | US |
| Stripe | United States | Payment processing | US |
| Brevo | France | Marketing/communication and admin notifications | EU |
Swiss research-focused online survey tool operated by Fabian Keller since 2009; used by University of Zurich researchers.
Dutch enterprise forms platform (Innovero Software Solutions B.V., Wassenaar, 20+ years), NL-only hosting.
Developer form-backend (form-to-email API) flagged as Swiss; 20k+ customers, one-time-payment bundles, no UI.